Atmosphere: Difference between revisions
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Saturated air cools less rapidly than unsaturated air because heat is released during the condensation of water vapour. | Saturated air cools less rapidly than unsaturated air because heat is released during the condensation of water vapour. | ||
==== Dry ==== | ==== Dry ==== | ||
Unsaturated - 3°/1000' | Unsaturated (less than 100% humidity) - 3°/1000' | ||
==== Wet ==== | ==== Wet ==== | ||
Saturated - 1.5°/1000'. | Saturated (100% humidity) - 1.5°/1000'. | ||
==== Standard Atmosphere ==== | ==== Standard Atmosphere ==== | ||
1.98°/1000' | 1.98°/1000'. Also called the environmental lapse rate. | ||
== Definitions == | == Definitions == | ||
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=== Low Pressure Areas === | === Low Pressure Areas === | ||
Also called Depressions or Cyclones. Areas of MSL Pressure surrounded by higher pressure. They are marked by an L on surface charts.<ref>ACWM 5.3</ref> Ascending and convergence. | Also called Depressions or Cyclones. Areas of MSL Pressure surrounded by higher pressure. They are marked by an L on surface charts.<ref>ACWM 5.3</ref> Ascending (rising) and convergence. Cloudiness and precipitation. | ||
=References= | =References= | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Latest revision as of 14:00, 22 March 2014
Atmosphere
The Atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases.[1]
The earth's surface is heated by short wave solar radiation.
Calculate Cloud Base
[(Surface Temperature °C - Dewpoint °C) / 2.5] * 1000. Shortcut if all temperatures are in °C, (Surface Temperature - Dewpoint) * 400.
Lapse Rates
Saturated air cools less rapidly than unsaturated air because heat is released during the condensation of water vapour.
Dry
Unsaturated (less than 100% humidity) - 3°/1000'
Wet
Saturated (100% humidity) - 1.5°/1000'.
Standard Atmosphere
1.98°/1000'. Also called the environmental lapse rate.
Definitions
ISA
International Standard Atmosphere - Temperature at sea level is 15°C and the pressure is 1013.2hPa. The standard lapse rate is 2°/1000'.[2]
Diurnal
Daily temperature change.
Troposphere
Part of the earth that contains all the elements of the weather.[3]
Mesosphere
Region of the atmosphere between the stratopause and the mesopause.[4]
Stratosphere
Temperatures in the lower stratosphere approximate those of the tropopause.[5]
Ozone
A nearly colourless gas that is a very strong absorber of ultraviolet radiation and which is found at all altitudes in the atmosphere.[6][7]
Coriolis Force
Force that is a result of the earth's rotation. It causes air in motion to deflect to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the let in the southern hemisphere.[8]
Convection
Atmospheric motions in the vertical direction.
Convergence
Air that is being forced together into a smaller area[9] Divergence is air being moved away or spreading out from an area.
Low Pressure Areas
Also called Depressions or Cyclones. Areas of MSL Pressure surrounded by higher pressure. They are marked by an L on surface charts.[10] Ascending (rising) and convergence. Cloudiness and precipitation.
References
- ↑ ACWM 2-1
- ↑ Wikipedia ISA
- ↑ ACWM 2-2
- ↑ Wikipedia Mesosphere
- ↑ ACWM 2.3
- ↑ AMWM 2-5
- ↑ Wikipedia Ozone
- ↑ ACWM 5-6
- ↑ http://www.islandnet.com/~see/weather/elements/whatgoesup3.htm
- ↑ ACWM 5.3
